CONTOH LATIHAN TOEFL SECTION III: VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION.

SECTION III. VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION.

Time : 45 Minutes

60 Questions

Part A

DIRECTIONS

In questions 1-30 each sentence has an underlined word or phrase. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases, marked A,B,C,D. You are to choose the one word or phrase that best keeps the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter you have chosen. Fill in the space so that the letter inside the oval cannot be seen.

1. The fourth year sociology class was a homogeneous group of university students.

A. uniform

B. dreary

C. unrelated

D. distinguishable

2. The tornado caused irreparable damage to the Florida citrus corp.

A. irresolute

B. irresponsible

C. irrecoverable

D. irregular

3. The discontented students retaliated by boycotting the school cafeteria.

A. rewarded

B. vindicated

C. took revenge

D. fluctuated

4. The spy used a fictitious name while dealing with the enemy.

A. funny

B. false

C. real

D. foreign

5. John didn’t enjoy the rock concert because he thought the tempo was bad.

A. audience

B. rhythm

C. singer

D. weather

6. The flowers on the table were a manifestation of the child’s love for his mother

A. a demonstration

B. an infestation

C. a combination

D. a satisfaction

7. Marvin’s doctor said he was obese and had to take immediate measures to correct the problem.

A. anemic

B. tired

C. corpulent

D. petulant

8. Frank condoned his brother’s actions because he knew he meant well.

A. overlooked

B. praised

C. condemned

D. satisfied

9. John’s unabashed behavior caused great concern among his teachers.

A. terrible

B. unembarrassed

C. cowardly

D. unforgivable

10. Many new medicines today eradicate diseases before they become too widespread.

A. wipe out

B. identify

C. prolong

D. suspend

11. The director’s spacious new office overlooked the city.

A. quiet

B. colorful

C. roomy

D. comfortable

12. The thieves were trying to perpetrate a robbery in the office building.

A. view

B. interfere with

C. stop

D. commit

13. Before the earthquake hit the area, many minor tremors were felt.

A. spasms

B. noises

C. vibrations

D. crumblings

14. When the protestor entered the meeting clad only in a beach towel, the audience was dumbfounded.

A. speechless

B. excited

C. content

D. applauding

15. Marcia’s career involved a dual role for her as a counselor and a teacher.

A. tiring

B. dedicated

C. twofold

D. satisfying

16. Andy’s jocular manner made him loved by all his companion.

A. easygoing

B. jesting

C. intelligent

D. artistic

17. Sally was mortified by her date’s unprecedented behavior

A. eradicated

B. humiliated

C. overjoyed

D. challenged

18. The student’s wan appearance caused the teacher to send him home.

A. pale

B. shabby

C. bellicose

D. hungry

19. Nothing could efface the people’s memory of their former leader’s cruelty although many years had elapsed.

A. broaden

B. erase

C. edify

D. substantiate

20. The doctor asked the patient to disrobe before the examination.

A. take medicine

B. breathe deeply

C. relax

D. undress

21. The protesting crowd dispersed after the rally

A. scattered

B. become violent

C. fought

D. danced

22. Because Dolly is such a good cook, she has concocted a great new recipe.

A. created

B. named

C. epitomized

D. baked

23. After the drops were placed in the patient’s eyes, his pupils became dilated.

A. enlarged

B. smaller

C. irritated

D. sensible

24. Her brusque manner surprised all of the guests.

A. satirical

B. humorous

C. shameless

D. abrupt

25. In that organization, they place emphasis on mutual aid and cooperation.

A. reward

B. work

C. stress

D. pressure

26. She didn’t say much, but her tone of voice insinuated more.

A. blamed

B. suggested

C. demanded

D. intervened

27. Jan took many snapshots while on vacation in Europe.

A. notes

B. gifts

C. photos

D. clothes

28. The young couple chose a secluded place for their picnic.

A. authentic

B. sunny

C. isolated

D. grassy

29. The daring young man rode through the Indian village trying to find his long-lost sister.

A. bold

B. cowardly

C. persistent

D. captured

30. The victors defined their terms to be conquered.

A. dictated

B. wrote

C. insinuated

D. forced.

Part B

DIRECTIONS

In the rest of this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. For questions 31 – 60, you are to choose the one best answer, A,B,C,D, to each question. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage.

Questions 31 through 34 are based on the following reading.

Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and emigrated to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters seeking admission to medical school, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. So determined was she, that she taught school and gave music lessons to earn money for her tuition.

In1849, after graduation from medical school, she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon, but a serious eye infection forced her to abandon the idea.

Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another female doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children. Besides being the first female physician and founding her own hospital, she also established the first medical school for women.

31. Why couldn’t Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dreams of becoming a surgeon ?

A. She couldn’t get admitted to medical school.

B. She decided to further her education in Paris.

C. A serious eye infection halted her quest.

D. It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States.

32. What main obstacle almost destroyed Elizabeth’s chances for becoming a doctor ?

A. She was a woman

B. She wrote too many letters

C. She couldn’t graduate from medical school.

D. She couldn’t establish her hospital.

33. How many years elapsed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital?

A. 8

B. 10

C. 19

D. 36

34. All of the following are “firsts” in the life of Elizabeth Blackwell, except :

A. she became the first female physician.

B. she was the first woman surgeon

C. she and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children.

D. she established the first medical school for women.

Questions 35 through 38 are based on the following reading.

Glands manufacture and secrete necessary substances. Exocrine glands secrete their products through ducts, but endocrine glands, or ductless glands release their products directly into the bloodstream.

One important endocrine gland is the thyroid gland. It is in the neck and has two lobes, one on each side of the windpipe. The thyroid gland collects iodine from the blood and produces thyroxine, an important hormone, which is stores in an inactive form. When thyroxine is needed by the body, the thyroid gland excretes it directly into the bloodstream. Thyroxine is combined in the body cells with other chemicals and affects many functions of the body.

The thyroid gland may be underactive or overactive, resulting in problems. An underactive thyroid causes hypothyroidism, while an overactive one causes hyperthyroidism. The former problem, called myxedema in adults and cretinism in children, causes the growth process to slow down. A cretin’s body and mind do not grow to their full potential. Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, results in extreme nervousness, an increase in heart action, and other problems.

Either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism may result in goiter, or an enlarged thyroid gland. A goiter will appear when the body is not getting enough iodine. Goiter is less common today, since most people use iodized salt.

35. The thyroid gland is called an endocrine gland

A. because it has ducts

B. because it has lobes

C. because it excretes directly into the bloodstream

D. because it is located in the neck.

36. A cretin is

A. a child with hyperthyroidism

B. an adult with an underperforming thyroid gland

C. a young person with hypothyroidism

D. an extremely irritable child

37. Which of the following is a probable result of myxedema ?

A. sluggishness

B. hyperactivity

C. overproduction of thyroxine

D. perspiration

38. A goiter is

A. a person with myxedema

B. a swollen thyroid gland

C. an underactive thyroid gland

D. a chemical.

Questions 39 through 43 are based on the following reading.

A recent investigation by scientists at the US Geological Survey shows that strange animal behavior might help predict future earthquakes. Investigators found such occurrences in a ten – kilometer radius of the epicenter of a fairly recent quake. Some birds screeched and flew about wildly; dogs yelped and ran around uncontrollably.

Scientists believe that animals can perceive these environmental changes as early as several days before the mishap.

In 1976 after observing animal behavior, the Chinese were able to predict a devastating quake. Although hundreds of thousands of people were killed, the government was able to evacuate millions of other people and thus keep the death toll at a lower level.

39. What prediction may be made by observing animal behavior ?

A. an impending earthquake

B. the number of people who will die

C. the ten-kilometer radius of the epicenter

D. environmental changes.

40. Why can animals perceive these changes when humans cannot ?

A. Animals are smarter than humans

B. Animals have certain instincts that humans don’t possess.

C. By running around the house, they can feel the vibrations.

D. Humans don’t know where to look.

41. Which of the following is not true

A. Some animals may be able to sense an approaching earthquake.

B. By observing animal behavior scientists perhaps can predict earthquakes.

C. The Chinese have successfully predicted an earthquake and saved many lives.

D. All birds and dogs in a ten-kilometer radius of the epicenter went wild before the quake.

42. In this passage, the word evacuate most nearly means

A. remove

B. exile

C. destroy

D. emaciate

43. If scientists can accurately predict earthquakes, there will be :

A. fewer animals going crazy

B. a lower death rate

C. fewer people evacuated

D. fewer environmental changes.

Questions 44 through 47 are based on the following reading.

As a result of the recent oil crisis, 9.9 million of California’s 15 million motorists were subjected to an old-even plan of gas rationing. The governor signed a bill forcing motorists with license plates ending in odd numbers to buy gas only on odd-numbered days, and those ending in even numbers on even-numbered days. Those whose plates were all letters or specially printed had to follow the odd-numbered plan.

Exceptions were made only for emergencies and out-of-states drivers. Those who could not get gas were forced to walk, bike, or skate to work.

This plan was expected to eliminate the long lines at many service stations. Those who tried to purchase more than twenty gallons of gas or tried to fill a more than half filled tank would be fined and possibly imprisoned.

44. All of the following are true except

A. officials hoped that this plan would alleviate long gas lines.

B. a gas limit was imposed

C. California has 9.9 million drivers

D. the governor signed the bill concerning gas rationing.

45. Those who violated the rationing program

A. were forced to walk

B. were fined and possibly imprisoned

C. had to wait in long lines

D. were forced to use odd-numbered days

46. The gas rationing plan was not binding on

A. even-numbered license plates

B. odd-numbered license plates.

C. all-lettered plates

D. out-of-state plates

47. California was forced to adapt this plan because

A. a recent oil crisis necessitated id

B. too many drivers were filling their tanks with more than twenty gallons and spilling it

C. people were not getting enough exercise and needed to walk, bike, or skate

D. too many motorists had odd – numbered plates

Questions 48 through 52 are based on the following passage.

As far back as 700 B.C., man has talked about children being cared for by wolves. Romulus and Remus, the legendary twin founders of Rome, were purported to have been cared for by wolves. It is believed that when a she-wolf loses her litter, she seeks a human child to take its place.

This seemingly preposterous idea did not become credible until the late nineteenth century when a French doctor actually found a naked ten-year-old boy wandering in the woods. He didn’t walk erect, could not speak intelligibly, nor could he relate to people. He only growled and stared at them. Finally the doctor won the boy’s confidence and began to work with him. After many long years of devoted and patient instruction, the doctor was able to get the boy to clothe and feed himself, recognize and uttera number of words, as well as write letters and form words.

48. The French doctor found the boy

A. wandering in the woods

B. at his doorstep

C. growling at him

D. speaking intelligibly.

49. In this passage, the word litter most nearly means

A. garbage

B. master

C. offspring

D. hair

50. The doctor was able to work with the boy because

A. the boy was highly intelligent

B. the boy trusted him

C. the boy liked to dress up

D. the boy was dedicated and patient

51. Which of the following statements is not true ?

A. She-wolves have been said to substitute human children for their lost litters

B. Examples of wolves’ caring for human children can be found only in the nineteenth century.

C. The French doctor succeeded in domesticating the boy somewhat

D. The young boy never was able to speak perfectly

52. In this passage, the word preposterous most nearly means

A. dedicated

B. scientific

C. wonderful

D. absurd

Directions for questions 53 and 54

For each of these questions, choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the original sentence. Note that several of the choices may be factually correct, but you should choose the one that is closest restatement of the given sentence.

53. Hal used to play on the country club’s racquetball team.

A. Hal plays with the racquetball team at the country club

B. Hal doesn’t play racquetball anymore, but still belongs to the country club.

C. At one time hall played racquetball on the country club’s team.

D. Hal used to team up with the country club and play racquetball

54. Peter is attending a private school and is majoring in electronics.

A. Peter is specializing in electronics at a private school

B. Peter is a major at a private electronics school.

C. although Peter is attending a private school, he’s majoring in electronics.

D. Peter’s private school is letting him major in electronics.

Questions 55 through 60 are based on the following reading.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a bacteria that has been isolated from sea water, shell fish, finfish, plankton, and salt springs. It has been a major cause of food poisoning in Japan and the Japanese have done several studies on it. They have confirmed the presence of V. parahaemolyticus in the north and central Pacific with the highest abundance in inshore waters, particularly in or near large harbors.

A man named Nishio studied the relationship between the chloride content of sea water and the seasonal distribution of V. parahaemolyticus in sea water and concluded that while the isolation of V. parahaemolyticus was independent of the sodium chloride content, the distribution of V. parahaemolyticus in sea water was dependent on the water temperature. In fact, it has been isolated in high frequencies during summer, from June to September, but was not isolated with the same frequency in winter.

Within four or five days after eating contaminated foods, a person will begin to experience diarrhea, the most common symptom; this will very often be accompanied by stomach cramps, nausea, and vomiting. Headache and fever, with or without chills, may also be experienced.

55. Which of the following locations would be most likely to have a high concentration of Vibrio parahaemolyticus ?

A. a bay

B. a sea

C. the middle of the ocean

D. sediment

56. The safest time for eating seafood is probably

A. August

B. November

C. July

D. September

57. The most common symptom of Vibrio parahaemolyticus is

A. nausea

B. diarrhea

C. vomiting

D. headache and fever

58. The incubation period for this illness is

A. several months

B. 2 to 3 days

C. 3 to 4 hours

D. 4 to 5 days

59. Nishio’s study showed that

A. the presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was dependent on neither the salt content nor the water temperature

B. the presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was dependent on only the salt content

C. the presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was independent on of both the water temperature and the salt content

D. the presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was dependent on the water temperature

60. The word cramp in the reading means most nearly

A. noises

B. toxicity

C. severe pain

D. high temperature


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